Le Journal

Plusieurs pays, dont la France, viennent de lancer une mission militaire européenne au Groenland. Mais pourquoi ce territoire est-il si convoité ? Grâce au 20h de TF1, vous allez tout comprendre.

Depuis son déploiement à 1,5 million de kilomètres de nos regards, le télescope James Webb ne cesse de traquer des fantômes. Parmi les ombres du cosmos naissant, d’étranges taches rubis perturbaient les calculs des astronomes : trop lumineuses pour être de simples poussières, trop précoces pour être des galaxies. Après deux ans de traque, l’Université […]

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Department stores, then and now.Bettmann/Getty Images ; Kamil Krzaczynski/Getty ImagesDepartment stores have changed dramatically over the last 100 years.Department stores once sold necessities. Now, many are struggling to remain in business.While some classic chains cease to exist, other retailers have found ways to increase sales.In the early 1900s, department stores existed to sell necessities, including food, home goods, and apparel.Today, many luxury department stores are struggling to survive.The rise of the internet and surge in online sales have placed a major strain on department stores. Saks Global, the parent company of Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goodman, and Neiman Marcus, became the latest department retailer to file for bankruptcy on Tuesday.Take a look at how department stores have changed over the last 100 years.In the early 1900s, department stores were focused on selling the necessities.A Harrods department store.Heritage Images/Getty ImagesCore products included clothing and home goods. During times of war, the necessities on sale included military jackets, coats, and accessories.That's why Harrods, a famous department store in London, featured an in-house tailoring room throughout World War I. The space was utilized to alter used uniforms and sell new ones.Department stores still sell the basics, but novelty items are also typically present.A modern Harrods department store.Prisma by Dukas/Getty ImagesYou can find everything from household tools and fashionable clothes to toys and knickknacks at modern department stores — they seem to sell everything, in an apparent bid to compete with online retailers.Harrods also sells store-branded items, including bags, stationery, and teddy bears.Leading up to the 1930s, department stores were often crowded.A crowded department store.Bettmann/Getty ImagesAround 1929, people were encouraged to shop in order to help boost the nation's sinking economy, Fortune reported.But that same year, the stock market crashed, and the Great Depression officially began. The period lasted for 10 years, causing major layoffs, failing banks, and mass poverty.Today's department stores rarely see such large crowds, aside from major shopping events like Black Friday.CHICAGO, ILLINOIS - NOVEMBER 29: Shoppers visit Macy's department store on Black Friday on November 29, 2024 in Chicago, Illinois. Black Friday marks the official start of the holiday shopping season.Kamil Krzaczynski/Getty ImagesEven during major holiday sales, many modern shoppers still prefer to shop online from the comfort of their homes.In 2025, shoppers in the US were projected to spend a record $11.7 billion online on Black Friday, an 8.3% increase from 2024.It marked a contrast from the wild Black Friday scenes that could be seen in stores in the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic.In the 1920s, employees worked in department store basements to make change for cashiers upstairs.Women working in the basement of a department store making change for the cashiers upstairs, early 1920s. The tubes are operated by a vacuum system that transports the change containers. (Photo by Underwood Archives/Getty Images)Underwood Archives/Getty ImagesIn large stores that existed across multiple floors, vacuum systems transported the change upstairs through tubes.None of those "tube rooms" are needed anymore, thanks to computers and credit cards.JERSEY CITY, NJ - NOVEMBER 25: Customers line up at the cashier area at a Macy's store during Black Friday sales on November 25, 2022 in Jersey City, New Jersey. Black Friday, the day after Thanksgiving, is traditionally regarded as the start of the holiday shopping season, with shoppers flocking to stores and online for bargains, but with consumer confidence down, retailers are bracing for a considerably slower Black Friday.Kena Betancur/Getty ImagesModern shoppers often don't even have to interact with a cashier if they don't want to. Instead, they…